Since ancient times, traditional literati have taken self-cultivation as their duty, and most of them regarded calligraphy and painting as literary pursuit. However, Yang Xiong in the Han Dynasty proposed "calligraphy, is the painting of the mind", revealing how literati formed a long artistic tradition by expressing their emotions with brush, ink, and the knowledge of poetry, calligraphy, and art. Just as the former sages believed that the value of art depends on the artist's character. The historical backgrounds of the calligraphy and painting in the museum collection are mainly from the turbulent hundred years between the 19th and 20th century, which expresses the emotions of the ancient literati. Although the time and space are different from the past, how we deal with the mundane affairs remains the same. As the future looks at the present, and the present looks at the past; through appreciating the beauty of calligraphy and painting, the past creators represent the artistic trend of different eras, which led us understand how culture blends with the joys and sorrows in life.